This paper provides updates to the checklist of Macroheteroceran moths (Lepidoptera) of the central High Atlas of Morocco, following the initial inventory conducted by Charles Rungs nearly five decades ago. Sampling was carried out using sugar bait traps deployed across various habitat types in the region (natural, semi-natural and agricultural lands). Identification of the collected specimens involved a comprehensive approach, including examination of external morphology, dissections of genitalia and DNA barcoding.
In this study, we recorded a total of 123 species belonging to the families Noctuidae, Erebidae, Geometridae, Eutelidae and Drepanidae. Euxoa cos (Noctuidae) was recorded as a new species for Morocco. The presence of Apamea maroccana (Noctuidae) and Chersotis rungsi (Noctuidae), both endemic to Morocco, was verified in the study area. Four of the 123 species were only identified at the genus level. Our inventory also sheds light on species that were previously not known to occur within our study area, reporting twelve species from the High Atlas Mountains for the first time. We also suggest omitting Eupithecia farinosa (Geometridae) from the Moroccan Lepidoptera list. This study significantly contributes to uncovering an overlooked aspect of Lepidopteran biodiversity in Morocco, which is crucial for future conservation efforts.