This analysis addresses the main stressors that affect water sources in the Combeima watershed, evaluating human activities such as subsistence mining, deforestation, erosion and the use of pesticides that impact the quality and availability of water resources. In addition, the effects of these threats on aquatic ecosystems and local communities are considered, proposing management and conservation strategies to promote sustainability in sustainable development in the region. Scientific information on the impacts of anthropogenic activities in this basin is limited. The research was divided into two phases: the first, in which the biological, socioeconomic and management systems of the area were analyzed from an ecosystem perspective, and the second, in which the DPSIR methodology was used to identify possible negative impacts on tourists. The main driving forces exerting adverse effects on the Combeima basin are pollution from subsistence mining, river bathing, pesticide use in agriculture, road saturation, souvenir collecting, tourism, urbanization, soil erosion, and deforestation, with a total of 12.9% threats, with high threats of 6.3%, medium threats of 6.3%, and low threats of 0.3%. These results allow government entities to take conservation measures that should include local stakeholderrs in the implementation to maintain the well-being of generations and avoid biodiversity loss in the Combeima basin.
